有时候需要对集合中的元素按照一定的规则进行排序,对于比较简单单一的数据可以用Java中提供的对集合进行操作的工具类Collections中的sort方法,对于对象,如果要一依据属性进行排序,就需要参与比较的对象实现Comparable
先看一个简单的例子:
1、简单数据
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Integer> nums = new ArrayList<Integer>();
nums.add(3);
nums.add(5);
nums.add(1);
nums.add(0);
System.out.println(nums);
Collections.sort(nums);
System.out.println(nums);
}
输出结果:
[3, 5, 1, 0]
[0, 1, 3, 5]
稍微复杂的List里面放一个复杂的对象
2、复杂数据
(1、)通过实现接口进行比较
package core.java.collection.collections;
public class User implements Comparable<User>{
private int score;
private int age;
public User(int score, int age){
super();
this.score = score;
this.age = age;
}
public int getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(int score) {
this.score = score;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(User o) {
int i = this.getAge() - o.getAge();//先按照年龄排序
if(i == 0){
return this.score - o.getScore();//如果年龄相等了再用分数进行排序
}
return i;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
users.add(new User(78, 26));
users.add(new User(67, 23));
users.add(new User(34, 56));
users.add(new User(55, 23));
Collections.sort(users);
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user.getScore() + "," + user.getAge());
}
}
输出结果:
55,23
67,23
78,26
34,56
我们会发现sort(List)方法中List中的T必须实现Comparable 接口,然后实现
compareTo()方法,该方法的返回值0代表相等,1表示大于,-1表示小于;为什么
在简单例子中没有看到实现Comparable接口呢?是因为Integer类其实自己已经实现
了Comparable接口,Java已经给我们做好了。
(2、)通过匿名比较器实现比较
Collections提供的第二种排序方法sort(List
先看例子:
package core.java.collection.collections;
public class Students {
private int age;
private int score;
public Students(int age, int score){
super();
this.age = age;
this.score = score;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(int score) {
this.score = score;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Students> students = new ArrayList<Students>();
students.add(new Students(23, 100));
students.add(new Students(27, 98));
students.add(new Students(29, 99));
students.add(new Students(29, 98));
students.add(new Students(22, 89));
Collections.sort(students, new Comparator<Students>() {
@Override
public int compare(Students o1, Students o2) {
int i = o1.getScore() - o2.getScore();
if(i == 0){
return o1.getAge() - o2.getAge();
}
return i;
}
});
for(Students stu : students){
System.out.println("score:" + stu.getScore() + ":age" + stu.getAge());
}
}
输出结果:
score:89:age22
score:98:age27
score:98:age29
score:99:age29
score:100:age23
3、总结
两种方式都可以实现数据的比较,从上面的例子我们可以看出Students类没有实现Comparable